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CoursePsychopharmacology Introduction

The drug-action atlas

Enter through a molecule, a synapse, or a brain circuit. Change the conditions and trace what happens next.

Explore the system

Filter, reabsorb, or excrete

Trace the nephron beside its blood supply. Compare a lipid-soluble parent drug with a more water-soluble metabolite.

Filter, reabsorb, or excrete
Glomerulus → Proximal tubule → Loop of Henle → Distal tubule → Collecting duct → urineRenal arteryRenal veinGlomerulusBowman's capsuleProximal tubuleDistal tubuleLoop of HenleCollecting duct → urineCapillary bed around tubules
More water-soluble metabolites are less readily reabsorbed

This model highlights filtration, passive reabsorption, and urinary elimination. It does not quantify clearance or every renal transport mechanism.

Free fraction enters the filtrate

On a small screen, pan the diagram or increase zoom. Named controls provide the same exploration by keyboard.

Predict, then check

Why can metabolism help renal elimination?

Exploration and predictions are practice. They do not award mastery or XP.

Sources and model limits

Original schematic. Positions show relationships; structures and concentrations are not to scale.

  • Julien's Primer of Drug Action · 15 · 1 · Role of the kidneys and liver in drug elimination · PDF 17 · 1.9